Travel India Elaichi (Cardamon)
the Queen of Spices
If you visit tourist places in Goa and Kerala, you can visit spice gardens.Some plantation owners have improvised their spice gardens into tourist attractions.
You can see a variety of plants where different spices come from.
The guide will answer your questions and clarify your doubts.
Your host will serve you authentic local meals in virgin surroundings and arrange a traditional dance.
Background
We Indians use a lot of spices in our daily food.
But most of us do not know where the spices come from.
Someone suggested that I should write about the spices in my blog.
So here we go.
This one on Elaichi is another in a series on Spices of India. Elaichi (Cardamom) is one of the most popular spices and is known as the “Queen of Spices”.
What is Elaichi (Cardamon or Cardamon)
The name Elaichi is used for the fruits of the herbs within two genera of the ginger family Zingiberaceae, namely Elettaria (the commoner Green or Choti Elaichi) and Amomum (the larger Black Elaichi). The fruits of both varieties are small seedpods, triangular in cross-section, spindle-shaped, with a thin papery outer shell and small black seeds inside.
The Elettaria seedpods are smaller and light green in colour.
The Amomum seedpods are larger and dark brown to blackish in colour.The black seeds of both varieties are used.
Elaichi has a strong, distinctive taste, with an intense aromatic fragrance. In the Middle East and Asian countries, powdered Green Elaichi is used as a spice for sweet dishes and for flavouring tea and coffee.
Black Elaichi has a distinctly more astringent aroma, with a coolness similar to mint.
Black Elaichi is used in ‘garam masala’ for curries.
In European countries, Elaichi has been used for making gin.
It is used as an antidote for both snake and scorpion bites.
Fresh Elaichi seeds are sown in special nurseries within 7-10 days of collection.
When the plants are about 1-2 years old, they are planted into a field, below shady trees.
Elaichi is often intercropped with tea, betel nut or black pepper.
The fruits are harvested in the third year when they are still green, but the seeds inside them have changed from white to brown or black.
The fruits ripen over an extended period and are harvested every 3 to 5 weeks.
They are then washed and the stalks are clipped off.
Curing
The dried Elaichi is then stored in gunny bags.
Njallani variety
Named Njallani, it gives yield of 1,500 kg/ha against the traditional yield of 200 kg/ha hectare.
When the seeds are crushed, they give us Elaichi oil.
Oleoresins are also produced commercially using crushed fruits.
They are used mainly as an alternative to the spice, for flavouring a wide range or processed and frozen foods, condiments, gelatines and beverages.
These are also used to a minor extent as tobacco flavouring, in cosmetics, soaps, lotions and perfumes.
Recommendation
From time immemorial, India was the home of the Elaichi and its major producer. But Guatemala has crossed us and become the world’s largest producer and exporter of Elaichi with a staggering exports of US$137.2 million for 2007.
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